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50 pages 1 hour read

Jenny Erpenbeck

Go, Went, Gone

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2015

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Chapters 31-40 Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 31 Summary

At the home, Richard learns from a guard that the language lessons are being discontinued permanently. The Ethiopian teacher is already gone. At eleven o'clock in the morning, an official language course will begin at a community college in Kreuzberg. Buses begin arriving to transport them to the class. Richard sees all the refugees he has met come out to get onto the buses. He notices that Rufu is missing. He goes to room 2018, but Rufu is not there. He finds Rufu in the kitchen and tells him that they are going to a real German class together. They get in Richard’s car and Richard programs the GPS with the college’s address.

At the college class, Rashid helps collect the first and last names for the instructor. He also helps determine which of the men do not know the Latin alphabet: five of the 40. After class, Rashid, Rufu, Abdusalam, and Ithemba ride back in Richard’s car. On the way to the home, the refugees sing songs, and Richard tries to sing along. 

Chapter 32 Summary

The next evening Richard searches Google for the keywords “Ethiopian” and “language teacher” (160) and feels ridiculous for doing so. The next day Osarobo comes to play the piano again. Richard teaches him a simple bass line. After he practices for a while, Richards shows him some videos of different pianists playing, “watching and listening as these three musicians use the black and white keys to tell stories that have nothing at all to do with the keys’ colors” (161). Osarobo leaves after three hours. When he is alone, Richard orders two tickets for the Christmas Oratorio, which will be performed in the Cathedral. 

Chapter 33 Summary

The next day Richard learns that the chickenpox epidemic has ended. The men will be moved to Spandau the day after tomorrow. At home, Richard walks around the lake, which takes over two hours: “Maybe a circular walk could hold something together” (162). That evening he speaks with Sylvia on the phone and she suggests that maybe Spandau will turn out to be a better place for the refugees. He speaks with Detlef as well, and they arrange to get together to play cards soon. 

Chapter 34 Summary

At the home, Richard tells Zair that he does not have children and Zair feels sorry for him: “Richard can tell by looking that he doesn’t understand how someone could voluntarily decide to die all alone” (164). Ithemba, Rashid, and Zair feed Richard and he feels sentimental and grateful.

In the news, Richard hears more reports of capsizing boats and drowning refugees. Osarobo told him at one point that he had seen them drown, and Richard had not known whether he was referring to the images on the news or things he had seen in person, but either way, “in these drowning figures he recognized himself, his friends, and those who’d sat beside him” (167).

Before driving to Spandau a couple of mornings later, Richard places fir branches on his parents’ graves, a yearly tradition that he always observes the Sunday before Advent. He knows that owning a cemetery plot is a luxury and thinks of the dead his refugee friends had seen:

For much of his life, he’s hoped in a tiny back corner of his soul that people from Africa mourn their dead less. Now, this back corner of his soul is occupied instead by shame: shame that for most of his lifetime he’s taken the easy way out (169). 

Chapter 35 Summary

Richard helps the men prepare for their interviews upon which their acceptance into Germany will be contingent. They eat dinner together often and rehearse their histories, their goals, and their German language skills. 

Chapter 36 Summary

The temperature goes below freezing for the first time that fall. Awad tells Richard he is happy to be indoors. The previous winter their tents at Oranienplatz collapsed under the weight of the snow. Osarobo continues to visit and practice the piano.

Most of the men are waiting to be interviewed or waiting to hear the results of their interview from the Foreigners Office. To Richard, “[t]ime feels different” (172). A siren begins to blare while he is talking with some of the men. It goes on for a while and Richard begins to wonder if there is legitimate cause for alarm. A refugee named Yaya runs out of the building. Staff members are yelling at him because he cut the wire to end the alarm. 

Chapter 37 Summary

Richard goes to the Spandau residence with the tickets for the Christmas Oratorio, but Osarobo is in Italy renewing his papers. He worries that the young man might be gone for good. He has bought a roll-up piano keyboard for him with the thought that Osarobo could play it in the street. Now he is ashamed of his thought and wondered if he ever believed that the men would be able to stay in Germany: “Has he now truly relinquished all hope?” (175). 

Chapter 38 Summary

Richard sees the status updates that some of the men post with their smartphones. They write of missing friends, or of missing their homes. They reassure each other online. Sometimes they try to help each other find lost family members on Facebook. Richard asks Apollo how he can afford a phone: “I don’t have a family. I don’t have anyone to send money to” (176). He notices how little Apollo eats. When Ithemba invites Richard to lunch, he serves him huge portions. Apollo says that too much food makes a man spoiled: “You can never know what is coming. It’s possible that you’ll have to go hungry again or that you’ll have nothing to drink, and you have to be able to endure that” (176).

Richard thinks of fairy tales and of how many of them have German origins: “Not so long ago, Richard thinks, the story of going abroad to find one’s fortune was a German one” (179). 

Chapter 39 Summary

Richard wonders why each of the men needs their own transit pass, since they have no money to visit attractions. The men tell him that they often call their friends—who were sent to two other housing locations—and arrange visits, using their transit passes. Sometimes they visit Oranienplatz together and talk. There is still an information tent there from the days of their occupation, and it has been burned by xenophobic protestors three times but is always put back up.

Two days before Christmas Richard reads in the paper that, when the new year begins, men who belong in Magdeburg—a refugee shelter that is barely better than a slum—or in some Bavarian mountain village, will be sent back there. Because they arrived in Germany through Italy, the law will tell them that Italy is the only place where they can work, and they will be sent there, despite knowing that there is no work for them in Italy: “Today for dinner the law will devour hand, knee, nose, mouth, feet, eyes, brain, ribs, heart, or teeth. Some part of other” (184). 

Chapter 40 Summary

Richard describes what each of his friends and acquaintances will be doing on Christmas Eve and Christmas, and then realizes that he is the only one in his circle who will be alone. He puts up a Christmas tree and decorates with a nativity. He calls Rashid and they arrange something on the phone, but Richard does not explain what it is to the reader yet. He goes to the market and buys goose legs because there are no full geese left to purchase. He remembers his wife setting up the figurines of the nativity. She always did it because her hands were more skillful, and he was always bumping and dropping them. 

Chapters 31-40 Analysis

Chapters 31 through 40 are both a solidification of Richard’s desire to help the refugees and the disintegration of his hopes that he might actually be able to do so. He walks around the lake hoping that “[m]aybe a circular walk could hold something together” (162). Nothing else will cohere. The boundary—the shoreline—that holds the lake in its shape—is a border with implications of harmless order. The boundaries that are imposed on the refugees in these chapters—such as the move to Spandau, and the threat of the move to Magdeburg—are destructive for their hopes.

Chapter 34 contains the most significant discussion of children in the book. When Richard tells the men that he never had children, Zair pities him. He says that he does not understand how someone could “voluntarily die all alone” (164). This foreshadows the revelation in Chapter 55 that Richard chose not to have a child by persuading his wife to have an abortion. Not everyone can have—or wants to have—children, but Richard had the opportunity and did not take it. He even took steps to ensure that it did not happen. The reader will learn that the abortion caused tension and pain between him and his wife, but it was not suffering on par with that experienced by the refugees.

After visiting his parents’ graves, Richard sees that he has taken the “easy way out” (169) for his entire life. He has had the luxury of choosing his actions, his career, and even the abortion. His growing devotion to the refugees does not provide any chance for an “easy way out.” And yet, after buying the rolled-up keyboard for Osarobo, Richard is ashamed of himself. When he buys it, he imagines the boy playing it on the street and being able to earn money with it. But that would assume that Osarobo did not get his work permit and requires a future in which being a street musician is the best he can do. Richard wonders if he has already given up on hope for the men’s successful integration into Germany. Why then, does he keep working to try to make it happen? Again, quitting would provide him with an easy way out.

Apollo’s pessimism is grounded in his knowledge that everything can be taken away. He is only willing to eat small portions of food, despite the feasts that Ithemba prepares, because he says that too much food spoils a person: “You can never know what is coming. It’s possible that you’ll have to go hungry again or that you’ll have nothing to drink, and you have to be able to endure that” (176). His life is one of uncertainty, and he never wants to grow so soft that he is unprepared for surprises. Apollo expects to have to endure more hardship, and he trains himself for it. Richard’s earlier statement that fear and uncertainty can produce order are evident in the structured way in which Apollo lives his life.

The major tension for the remainder of the novel is introduced by the potential move to Magdeburg. Compared to Spandau, it will be a horrible facility that will allow the government to move the refugees out of view, prior to sending them to Italy. The government determined that Italy is the only country with responsibility over the refugees since they crossed Italy’s borders prior to arriving in Germany. 

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