logo

63 pages 2 hours read

Jodi Picoult

Small Great Things

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2016

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.

Part 3, Chapters 8-11Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 3: “Stage One: Transition”

Part 3, Chapter 8 Summary: “Kennedy”

The third main section of the novel, “Stage One: Transition,” begins with Kennedy being accosted at the public defender’s office by her coworker, Ed, who thinks the new hire, Howard, who’s black, was chosen in order to meet diversity quotas. Kennedy brushes him off, and the man in the cubicle next to hers ends up being Howard. He alleviates the awkwardness and introduces himself; Kennedy blunders by assuming he’s from the area, rather than the wealthy town he’s actually from.

The narrative picks up again with Kennedy at the New Haven Superior Court on arraignment day, representing one client after another “like being trapped in a rotating door” (137). Even though she represents these clients in this first step, she generally doesn’t see them again, because they usually get “plucked out of [her] grasp by someone with more seniority at the office or transfer to a private (read: paid) lawyer” (138).

When Ruth Jefferson is called, Kennedy notices the gallery is more full than usual. A woman screams “Murderer!” and a man with a swastika tattoo on his head (who Ruth will later tell Kennedy is Turk, the father) gets escorted out after spitting on Ruth (140). Unfamiliar with the case or Ruth, Kennedy goes through standard motions after Odette Lawton asks that Ruth “be held without bail” (142). Ruth points out her son in the gallery and asks if Kennedy has kids, so she requests more time to familiarize herself, which the judge grants. She gets a quick rundown of Ruth’s background and what happened, clarifying that Ruth never touched Davis after she was removed from his care (which Ruth hesitantly agrees with), and then is able to get Ruth out on bail with her house as collateral, and talks to Edison and Adisa about how to do that. She thinks that this will be much like all the other cases, and that “[i]n the long run, [she] won’t be Ruth’s lawyer” (149).

When Kennedy gets home that night, her mother, who has been taking care of Violet, tells her that Violet has her mind set on being Tiana, the black Disney princess from one of the more recent Disney movies, The Princess and the Frog. They have a discussion about her mother’s reservations about Violet dressing as a black princess. Later, when Micah comes home, Kennedy tells him about the case and gets defensive when he expresses surprise that Ruth lives in the same part of town as them. Then, when she expresses possibly racially insensitive aspects of The Lion King, which is currently playing on the TV, and Micah responds that she’s “overthinking this,” Kennedy thinks, “That’s the moment I know I’m going to move heaven and earth to be Ruth’s public defender” (153).

Part 3, Chapter 9 Summary: “Turk”

Turk talks to a lawyer about suing Ruth, but the lawyer says that Turk and Brit can’t really do anything until after the criminal trial is over. Then Turk thinks back to when he was first starting to work with Francis, Brit’s father, creating a new stage in the White Power Movement through their website, LONEWOLF, and how he would make up excuses to see Francis so that he could also see Brit. At first, he resisted the match because of her father being something like royalty, but eventually he agreed to take her wilding. In the present, Turk and Brit both wallow in their misery, with Brit taking sedatives and leftover Oxy and Turk drinking too much. Eventually, Francis snaps Turk out of it, handing him his computer and telling him to “[g]et even” (158).Turk creates a blog post, revealing his true identity instead of remaining anonymous, and telling the story of Davis. By the following morning, “thirteen thousand people know Davis’s name” (159).

Turk next recounts his first “date” with Brit, when they go wilding together. She tells him her mother ran away with a black man, and then they attack a gay couple at a hot dog stand, reveling in the feeling of “caus[ing] pain, for a few seconds, instead of feeling it” (162). Then, in the present, Turk narrates his perspective of the arraignment. He spits at Ruth. Outside the courtroom, he calls his father-in-law to get Brit to watch Channel 4, and he talks to the reporters.

Then he narrates how Francis asked him to marry Brit and how he proposed to her using food puns. The chapter ends in the present, with Turk coming home and finding Brit enthralled by the television. She turns to look at him, “bright and beautiful and [Turk’s] again,” and tells him, “Baby, you’re a star” (169).

Part 3, Chapter 10 Summary: “Ruth”

Picking up after the arraignment, Ruth is again put in handcuffs and taken to prison until her son and sister can fill out the necessary paperwork to get her out on bail, which Kennedy tells her will probably be a couple of days, and which other prisoners tell her could be as much as a week or two. She thinks back to when she found out she got into Yale Nursing School, and the fuss that her mother and their church community made, saying that Ruth was “destined to do small great things” (173). She recounts the continued, small forms of racism she faced, despite her academic strides. As she is processed at the prison, she reflects on the degrading process of being stripped and searched, and wonders if “this guard’s job is the absolute opposite of [hers]” (176).

Ruth is taken to her cell, and messed with briefly by her cellmate. She wonders if Turk has ever been to prison, and “[i]f this means we, too, have something in common” (180). She talks to a counselor about visitation, and finds it could take up to ten days to be approved, and that Adisa would probably not be approved anyway, because she has a record, so Ruth gives up. She then thinks of another moment from her childhood: a sleepover with Christina Hallowell, after they have begun to drift apart, when “[i]t was harder to pretend it didn’t matter my mama worked for hers” (182). At some point, the girls get hungry, and Christina asks Ruth to go ask for food. In the kitchen, Ruth’s mom asks her why she was the one sent, and then asks why Ruth is at the sleepover anyway. Ruth tells her it’s because she didn’t “have anywhere else to go” (185). Later that night, Ruth is taken from her cell and given back her things and released; Edison and Adisa are there to collect her.

Part 3, Chapter 11 Summary: “Kennedy”

After Ruth’s arraignment, Kennedy finds she cannot stop thinking about her, so she “know[s] [she’s] in trouble” (188). She asks her husband what he would do if she went to prison, and he makes it a joke. In the morning, she tells him she’s planning to try to convince her boss to give her Ruth’s case, which would be her first felony trial, and a murder case. At the office, she’s able to convince her boss to give her the case if she has a co-chair, but she says she can handle it without. She then goes out to the prison to meet with Ruth, not realizing she has been released.

A couple of days later, Ruth comes to Kennedy’s office. They go to a Panera to discuss the case. Kennedy tries to put her at ease, saying “I just want you to feel comfortable. Frankly, I don’t even see color. I mean, the only race that matters is the human one, right?” (195). They go through Ruth’s educational background and the fact that she needs to be there for Edison. Then, Ruth brings up the racial issues, with Turk being a white supremacist, and herself being barred from treating Davis because of the color of her skin. Kennedy maintains that “To the State, it doesn’t matter if you’re black or white or blue or green” (195). Ruth maintains her case has everything to do with race, and Kennedy reflects privately that this is true, adding a “But” (196). To herself, she thinks that “it’s sure suicide in a courtroom to bring up race,” and instead, you need the jury “to go home still pretending that the world we live in is an equal one” (196). She tells Ruth that she believes her, but that “this is not the time or place to address it” (197), and that Ruth can file a civil suit later if she wins the criminal case. Finally, she convinces Ruth that she knows what she’s doing.

Part 3, Chapters 8-11 Analysis

This chunk of the novel begins one of the other major sections, this one titled “Transition.”This section, then, marks the transition from the crime to the trial. Here, we see Ruth struggling to make a living and find her way without one of the main facets of her identity: being a nurse. This marks a pretty extensive transition for her. Similarly, we have Kennedy transitioning from being a pretty low-level public defender to trying to take on and win her first major felony case. To a lesser extent, we also see Turk transitioning into a place of doubt as this section continues.

One of the techniques that Picoult uses throughout these chapters is the melding of the past and the present. There are a lot of flashbacks that help inform the present moment, and deepen our understanding of the characters. Through Turk’s flashbacks, we get a better understanding of the ways in which he looked up to Francis as a hero, something that a reader might be able to relate to, despite the fact that in this case Francis is a white supremacist hero. Similarly, we see Turk becoming something of a legend himself. Picoult structures this so that it’s clear that Turk isn’t really trying to gain prestige, giving Turk a more humble air in the past version of himself than the one we see today, which also continues to humanize him and sets up the feeling of a full character that has already undergone changes outside of the scope of the novel.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text