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C. S. LewisA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
The animals don’t realize that Uncle Andrew is a human because his clothes, which they assume are analogous to fur or feathers, are different than those of Digory, Polly, etc. When Uncle Andrew tries to speak, they don’t understand him. When they try to communicate with him, he faints. The animals debate whether Uncle Andrew is an animal or a plant, first trying to plant him and then examining him for a nose. They decide he is a tree and must need water, so the she-elephant fills her trunk and douses him, reviving him.
Digory is on Strawberry’s back, trotting toward Aslan. As they approach, Aslan tells the council to step aside, and Digory dismounts, face-to-face with Aslan. Stammering, Digory asks Aslan If there is any magical fruit that could heal his sick mother. Digory expects the Lion to say yes or no, but Aslan only tells his council that Digory is the boy responsible for bringing evil into Narnia. Aslan asks Digory why he brought the Witch to Narnia, and Digory stammers that he just wanted her out of his own world. Aslan asks him to tell the council what happened. Digory tries to say that he simply “met” the Witch, but Aslan nearly growls. Digory says that he struck the bell because he was under the enchantment. Aslan only looks at him, and Digory admits that he was pretending to be enchanted. He is ashamed and cannot look Aslan in the eye. Aslan tells him not to be downcast: Although the Witch’s presence in Narnia will cause harm, Aslan will ensure that he himself endures the worst of it. Furthermore, he says that just as a human was responsible for evil entering Narnia, a human will help eradicate it.
Aslan turns to the Cabby, calling him “son” and saying that he has known the Cabby for a long time. He asks if the Cabby would like to stay in Narnia, and the Cabby agrees as long as his wife can join him. Aslan sings one long, powerful note, and the Cabby’s wife appears. He tells the Cabby, whose name is Frank, and his wife, Helen, that they will be the first king and queen of Narnia. He charges them with naming the animals, ruling them fairly and justly, being the first to ride to battle and the last to return, never favoring any of their subjects or children, and raising their children and grandchildren to do the same. Aslan then asks Polly if she has forgiven Digory for his violence against her in the Hall of Images. She says they have made up. At last, Aslan returns to Digory.
Aslan asks Digory if he’s ready to undo the wrong he did by bringing the Witch to Narnia. Digory says he doesn’t know how, but Aslan interrupts, asking only if he is ready, to which Digory says yes. However, as he thinks of his mother, Digory cannot help asking again if there is anything Aslan can do for her. He looks up for the first time and sees that Aslan’s face is close to his own and that there are tears in his eyes. Aslan says that he and Digory are the only beings in this world who understand grief and that they must be kind to one another.
Aslan says that he wants to plant a tree that the Witch will not dare approach and that Digory must retrieve the seed for this tree. Digory accepts the mission and Aslan licks his forehead, causing strength and courage to rush through Digory. Aslan tells him to travel to the edge of Narnia, into the “Western Wild,” through a valley with a lake surrounded by mountains, and up a steep hill to a garden. In the garden, he must pluck an apple and bring it back to Aslan.
Digory agrees but says that it will take him a very long time. Aslan tells him that he will have help and turns to Strawberry, asking if he would like to be a winged horse. Strawberry is very excited but only agrees if Aslan wills it. Aslan roars and calls Strawberry the “father” of winged horses, renaming him Fledge. Testing his new wings, Fledge flies in a few circles and agrees to take Digory.
Polly and Queen Helen have been whispering, and Queen Helen now tells Aslan that Polly would like to accompany Digory. Aslan agrees and warns Fledge not to fly above the mountains but to find his way through the valleys. He blesses the party of three and they take off.
From Fledge’s back, Polly and Digory can see all of Narnia and into the southern lands. Soon, the sun sets, and Polly is cold. Fledge is also tired, so they rest for the night in a valley. Fledge munches on the grass, and the children realize they have no food. Polly says Aslan should have thought of that without being asked, but Fledge remarks that Aslan probably likes being asked. Digory thinks of sending Polly home for food by her ring, but she refuses to leave him. She remembers that she has a bag of toffee in her pocket. The children eat four toffees each and plant the last one in hopes that it grows into a toffee tree. After eating, they snuggle up to Fledge. They discuss all the things they did that day and repeat all the signs they need to look for in their journey. Before falling asleep, Polly thinks she hears something, and they get to their feet to search. Polly swears she saw a tall figure moving west, but they see nothing and fall asleep.
The next morning, Polly wakes Digory and Fledge by telling them that the toffee indeed grew into a tree. Its fruit isn’t exactly like candy but tastes similar. Digory, Polly, and Fledge take turns bathing in a stream before starting the day’s journey. With the sun behind them, they can take in all the majesty of Narnia. Soon they begin to smell something sweet and delicious and see the steep hill with the garden. Fledge lands and they climb to the garden’s gates.
Though they believed they would enter the garden together, when they see the gates, they each realize that Digory must enter alone. The gates are golden and there is a silver inscription that reads,
Come in by the gold gates or not at all,
Take of my fruit for others or forbear,
For those who steal or those who climb my wall
Shall find their heart’s desire and find despair (175).
Digory puts his hand on the gates and they swing open. He enters the garden solemnly and immediately recognizes the tree he is looking for. It is in the center of the garden and has large silver apples that cast their own light. Digory pulls an apple from the tree but cannot help smelling it as he puts it in his pocket. He instantly regrets this, as he is overcome with longing for the apple. He questions how much one bite would hurt. As he does, he looks up and sees a colorful bird sitting in the tree’s branches. The bird is staring at Digory through slitted eyes. Grateful he didn’t take a bite, he turns to take one last look before leaving. He is shocked to see the Witch standing only a few yards from him.
The Witch throws away the core of an apple, the juice of which has darkly stained her mouth. She seems stronger and prouder, but she is deathly pale. Digory remembers the engraving and begins to run for the gates with the Witch behind him. The gold gates close behind him, but the Witch vaults over the wall. Before mounting Fledge, Digory turns to the Witch and threatens to disappear if she takes a step closer. The Witch says she means them no harm and tells Digory that the fruit in his pocket is the apple of youth and life. She urges Digory to take a bite, telling him that he could live forever and rule Narnia with her. Digory refuses, saying he would not want to live after everyone he knew had died.
The Witch then tells him to think of his mother and how the fruit could heal her. Digory hesitates, realizing what a “terrible choice” he must make. The Witch tells him that Aslan does not care about him and is only a selfish wild animal. Digory protests this and says that he promised to return with the fruit. Nevertheless, he is very tempted to touch his ring and bring the fruit to his mother. The Witch tells him that no one needs to know how he got the fruit because he can leave Polly behind. This clears Digory’s head, and he remembers how awful the witch is. He mounts Fledge, leaving the Witch behind. Polly encourages him as they travel back to Narnia, but Digory is discouraged about his mother. They make it back to Aslan and Digory gives him the apple.
Chapters 11 through 13 contain significant character changes that intertwine with the three themes. Digory at last understands Temptation and Its Consequences when Aslan explains that evil will come from the Witch’s presence in Narnia. Digory feels ashamed of his actions and truthfully admits that he was never enchanted; he just wanted to see what would happen when he rang the bell. He accepts responsibility for his actions and agrees to retrieve the fruit to amend the wrong he has done to Narnia.
This chance for redemption requires Digory to resist a much stiffer temptation. The garden to which Aslan sends Digory alludes to the Garden of Eden, and the Witch once again acts as the serpent, tempting Digory to eat the forbidden fruit. However, Lewis’s version of the story is not a one-to-one transposition. Genesis describes two trees: the “tree of life” and the “tree of knowledge.” Only fruit from the latter is forbidden before humanity’s fall (though some scholars have argued the two trees are one and the same), but the Narnia tree much more closely resembles the former. This changes the nature of the central temptation. For Digory, who comes from an imperfect, “fallen” world, the thought of saving his mother is much more enticing than the promise of godlike knowledge. Because the temptation plays on his love for his mother, it is also easier to rationalize as moral; in fact, Digory is still unsure on the ride back to Aslan whether he has “done the right thing” (154). All of this makes Digory’s refusal to eat the apple more significant. He has not only avoided repeating his earlier mistakes but overcome a much more difficult challenge.
Polly continues to be Digory’s biggest support and volunteers to accompany him on his redemption journey. She refuses to leave Digory when he suggests that she returns to London to bring them food and encourages him after he resists the Witch’s temptation. The Cabby also receives further characterization in these chapters. The more the children interact with the Cabby, they see that he is a natural leader who is sensitive to the needs of those around him. When Aslan asks him if he would like to stay in Narnia, his first thought is for his wife. When Aslan makes Frank and his wife the first rulers of Narnia, Frank humbly admits that he would love the job but does not believe he is fit for it.
Aslan’s anointing of Frank and Helen is another allusion to the story of Adam and Eve—specifically, God entrusting them with the care of the Earth. In this sense, all of Narnia represents Eden. Although the land has experienced its own Loss of Innocence with Jadis’s entrance, the effects of this aren’t yet obvious; as Aslan says, none of Narnia’s inhabitants have ever experienced “grief.” Furthermore, Narnia was not corrupted from within like Earth or (to an even greater degree) Charn. Its magical properties illustrate Aslan’s (i.e., God’s) pervasive presence and power. When Polly and Digory plant their last toffee, a toffee tree miraculously grows, even though Aslan himself is far away.
Another aspect of Aslan’s character that emerges in this section is his mercifulness. While Aslan is talking to Digory about the Witch, he is strict and unyielding, demanding the full truth. However, he gives Digory a chance to redeem himself, and when Digory asks about his mother, Aslan cries on her behalf to the point that Digory thinks Aslan’s sorrow might outstrip his own. This endless compassion and forgiveness are traditional attributes of the Christian God. In fact, these chapters suggest that Aslan does not merely symbolize God; rather, he is God as God would manifest in a different world. This is why he tells Frank that he has “known [him] long” (129), and it’s why Frank also senses something familiar in Aslan’s presence.
By C. S. Lewis
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