logo

47 pages 1 hour read

Agatha Christie

The Murder of Roger Ackroyd

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1926

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Chapters 1-5Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 1 Summary: “Dr. Sheppard at the Breakfast Table”

Dr. Sheppard returns from an early morning house call to Mrs. Ferrars, who has passed away due to an overdose of Veronal. Sheppard’s sister and town gossip, Caroline, believes that Mrs. Ferrars intentionally overdosed out of remorse over murdering her husband. In contrast, Sheppard believes it to be an accident. Sheppard and Caroline debate whether there is any merit to Caroline’s methods of information gathering and deduction, which leads him to become frustrated with her and leave the breakfast table.

Chapter 2 Summary: “Who’s Who in King’s Abbott”

Sheppard, who is out visiting patients on rounds, encounters Roger Ackroyd, a widower and supporter of local organizations and events. Ackroyd asks if Sheppard has a few minutes to talk; when he says that he does not, Ackroyd invites him to dinner at his estate, Fernly Park, that evening. Sheppard inquires if the meeting is about Paton, Ackroyd’s stepson, whom Sheppard saw in town recently. Ackroyd says it isn’t and that Paton is not in town.

Sheppard returns to his office to treat patients. One of them is Miss Russell, the housekeeper at Fernly Park. Miss Russell complains of knee pain, though Sheppard cannot see anything that would be affecting her knee. He prescribes her a medicine that will help the knee pain if there is any but will not harm her if there is not. During her visit, they discuss treatments for drug addiction and whether there are poisons that will kill quickly without the poison being easily identified. Sheppard informs her that there are not.

Chapter 3 Summary: “The Man Who Grew Vegetable Marrows”

Sheppard is working in his garden when a marrow (a vegetable similar to zucchini) from his neighbor’s yard almost hits him. The neighbor, Hercule Poirot (mispronounced by Sheppard as “Porrott”), apologizes and offers Sheppard his garden’s best marrow in apology. The two discuss Paton, and Poirot tells Sheppard he is acquainted with Ackroyd and knows that Paton is engaged. Sheppard cannot get more information from Poirot before Caroline calls him in from the garden.

She tells Sheppard that she overheard a conversation between Paton and a mystery woman about changing Ackroyd’s will. Neither can guess who the mystery woman might be, and Sheppard goes to the inn to talk to Paton. Paton is excited to see him and discloses that he’s in a difficult situation. When Sheppard offers to help, Paton thanks him but says he must play a lone hand.

Chapter 4 Summary: “Dinner at Fernly”

Sheppard arrives at Fernly Park for dinner. Flora Ackroyd, Roger Ackroyd’s niece, says she does not understand keeping odd mementos, such as the pen an author allegedly wrote with, but she does appreciate the works those people create. She also announces during the evening that she and Paton are engaged. Roger’s sister-in-law and Flora’s mother, Mrs. Cecil Ackroyd, asks Sheppard to intervene with Ackroyd to ensure Flora is well taken care of in the will. Major Blunt, a big game hunter, enters the room and talks with Flora about some of the relics on the silver table. Also at the house are Geoffrey Raymond, Roger’s secretary; Parker, the butler; Miss Russell, the housekeeper; and Ursula Bourne, the parlourmaid. Dinner begins, and it is an awkward affair where few people talk.

After dinner, Sheppard and Ackroyd retire to Ackroyd’s study. He asks Sheppard to ensure the window is closed and latched securely. Ackroyd then confesses that Mrs. Ferrars poisoned her husband and that someone was blackmailing her. During the conversation, a letter arrives from Mrs. Ferrars, presumably a suicide note revealing the blackmailer. Sheppard wants Ackroyd to read it, but Ackroyd chooses to read it later privately. Ten minutes later, Sheppard leaves and encounters a stranger asking for directions to Fernly Park.

Just as Caroline and Sheppard go to bed, they receive a telephone call. Sheppard answers the phone and tells Caroline he must return to Fernly Park immediately. The phone call was from the butler, Parker, who found Ackroyd murdered.

Chapter 5 Summary: “Murder”

Sheppard returns to Fernly Park and is admitted by Parker. When Sheppard asks where Ackroyd is, Parker does not realize anything is wrong. He tells Sheppard that he has placed no phone calls that evening. The two go to Ackroyd’s study and find the door locked from within. They break down the door and find Roger Ackroyd sitting in his chair with a knife in his back.

They alert the local authorities, who arrive and establish a general timetable identifying where all household residents were and at what time. Sheppard left Fernly Park at 8:50pm, Major Blunt heard Ackroyd speaking with someone else at 9:30pm, and Flora Ackroyd left Ackroyd’s study at 9:45pm after saying goodnight to him. They confirm that the murder happened between 9:45pm and 10:00pm.

Chapters 1-5 Analysis

Agatha Christie introduces the reader to a small community already shaken by death and the detective who will eventually solve the case. Mrs. Ferrars and Ackroyd, the two characters who die in the story, are established as the characters with “the only two houses of any importance in King’s Abbott” (7). With death hitting the two most prominent individuals, everyone feels the impact in many, often unseen ways. Ackroyd was a financial supporter of the community through local organizations, and while the narrative does not elaborate on what those organizations are and their impacts on the community, the small-town life that Christie describes would depend on those organizations and the financial support of a generous donor such as Ackroyd to thrive.

The chapters establish the foundations for the theme of Shifting Class Relations and the importance of appearances in upper-class society. Mrs. Ackroyd asks Sheppard to sound Ackroyd about Flora’s inheritance not out of concern for Flora but for how it will appear to others if she and Flora are not well taken care of. The engagement between Paton and Flora is viewed favorably for two reasons. The first is that it is a match between individuals of the same social status. The second reason is that it maintained the Ackroyd family’s position in King’s Abbott as a pillar of the community. The Ackroyd wealth remained within the Ackroyd family without breaking any laws or social mores—Flora is his niece and Paton is his stepson, so the two are technically not cousins.

The larger purpose of these first five chapters is to establish credibility and lay the foundation for Sheppard as the narrator of the story about to unfold. Through Sheppard, the reader gets to know the people, places, and lifestyle of King’s Abbott. The people of King’s Abbott trust him, as he is their doctor and works for their benefit. The community trusts Sheppard, so Sheppard wants to inspire that same trust from the reader. Yet these early chapters demonstrate Sheppard’s ability to leave out information that appears meaningless but plays a significant role in the developing plot. In Chapter 4, Ackroyd and Sheppard meet in Ackroyd’s study, and Ackroyd requests that Sheppard ensure the window is closed and latched. The following is the account provided:

Somewhat surprised, I got up and went to it. It was not a french window, but one of the ordinary sash type. The heavy blue velvet curtains were drawn in front of it, but the window itself was open at the top.
Parker reentered the room with my bag while I was still at the window.
‘That’s all right,’ I said, emerging again into the room.
‘You’ve put the latch across?’
‘Yes, yes. What’s the matter with you, Ackroyd?’ (37).

On the surface, nothing is amiss. Sheppard goes to the window, latches it, and returns to the conversation. However, Sheppard never describes closing and latching the window. He tells Ackroyd he did it but never describes the action with the detail given to the window type and the curtains.

This passage is among the first hints that Sheppard is an unreliable narrator. At no point does he blatantly lie to the reader; everything he says is true. His lies are lies of omission that hide his intentions, drawing attention to the theme of The Law and Ethics. To this point, Sheppard has not committed a crime, but he has violated the ethical principle of telling the reader all the relevant facts. This example is the first, but not the most significant, moment where the contrast between being legally and ethically in the right comes into play.

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text