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David Wallace-WellsA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
As of 2020, David Wallace-Wells is a deputy editor and climate columnist for New York magazine, where he published the 2017 long-form article on which The Uninhabitable Earth is based. An alum of the University of Chicago and Brown University, Wallace-Wells was previously a fellow at the public policy think tank New America. Upon the publication of “The Uninhabitable Earth” in New York magazine, Wallace-Wells was criticized by Michael E. Mann and other climatologists for overemphasizing worst-case projections to the point of being alarmist. In an interview with The Washington Post, Wallace-Wells defended his reliance on worst-case scenarios on the basis that “the public does not appreciate the unlikely-but-still-possible dangers of climate change” (Mooney, Chris. “Scientists Challenge Magazine Story About ‘Uninhabitable Earth.’” The Washington Post. 12 Jul. 2017). Mann and Wallace-Wells later shared the stage at an event organized by New York University titled “The ‘Doomed Earth’ Conspiracy.”
In the book, Wallace-Wells addresses “texts of climate alarmism” and admits to the reader, “you may even feel the book in your hands is one. That would be fair enough, because I am alarmed” (213). Coexisting alongside this alarmism, however, is genuine though cautious optimism. Wallace-Wells worries that his decision to have a child was a consequence of “climate delusion.” At the same time, he maintains that while the horrors of climate change are a certainty if no action is taken, that script can be rewritten with each passing day should humanity develop the collective political will to reduce emissions.
At various points in the book, Wallace-Wells emphasizes that all of humanity shares responsibility for climate change, and for that reason there is no single villain or set of villains that can be comfortably identified to assuage humanity’s collective guilt. That said, Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro comes close to fulfilling this role, at least in the author’s telling of climate change.
Born in 1955 in Sao Paulo, Bolsonaro entered politics in 1988 after a long military career. After a contentious presidential campaign during which Bolsonaro was stabbed and another high-profile candidate jailed, Bolsonaro was elected president of Brazil. Several his far-right positions are considered controversial both inside and outside Brazil, but perhaps none more than his pledge to open the Amazon rainforest to deforestation. According to Wallace-Wells, the Amazon rainforest is responsible for absorbing one-fourth of the carbon absorbed by the world’s planets, and scientists predict that opening it up to deforestation would increase atmospheric CO2 at an alarming rate between 2021 and 2030. Of Bolsonaro, Wallace-Wells writes, “How much damage can one person do to the planet?” (76).
Wallace-Wells cites numerous ecologists, economists, and climatologists throughout the book, but few more often than Andreas Malm. A native of Sweden, Malm is a journalist and activist whose 2016 book Fossil Capital: The Rise of Steam Power and the Roots of Global Warming is enormously influential on Wallace-Wells’s view of post-Industrial capitalism. While doctrinaire economists view the progress and prosperity that grew out of the Industrial Revolution as a triumph of capitalism, Malm views this progress as dependent on a single source: fossil fuels. In the book, Malm goes as far to replace the word “Anthropocene” with “Capitalocene.”
This theory becomes central to Wallace-Wells’s predictions of how capitalism and attitudes toward it will adapt to a climate-ravaged world. Given the precept that capitalism’s success is utterly dependent on fossil fuels, it thus follows for the author that in a world forced to abandon fossil fuels—either through aggressive political policy or simply the painful realities of runaway climate change—capitalism will need new ways to justify its existence or else disappear.