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79 pages 2 hours read

Zadie Smith

White Teeth

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2000

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Part 2, Chapters 6-8Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 2: “Samad 1984, 1857”

Chapter 6 Summary: “The Temptation of Samad Iqbal

It is 1984, and Samad and Alsana are attending a parents’ meeting at their sons’ school. Samad objects to the school’s observance of the Harvest Festival, which he would like to see replaced by a Muslim holiday. This proposal is voted down, but one person supported it: a young music teacher named Poppy Burt-Jones. Poppy approaches Samad afterwards and suggests meeting again to pursue the issue. She also gushes about Samad’s culture (which she assumes is Indian), his looks, and his two sons—Magid is an excellent student, and Millat is lively and a good saxophone player.

Samad is infatuated but remembers two mantras he has drawn on throughout his sexless marriage: “to the pure all things are pure” and “can’t say fairer than that” (115). The first expresses his hope that masturbation is not necessarily sinful for a “truthful and firm” man (116). When this failed to assuage his guilt, he came up with the second: a compromise by which he would give up masturbation in exchange for drinking alcohol.

Now that Samad has met Poppy, he finds he cannot abide by these terms. He confesses to his fellow waiter, Shiva, that he cannot stop thinking about Poppy and fears that Western culture has corrupted him. Shiva brushes Samad’s religious concerns aside but warns him not to date an Englishwoman because there’s "too much history” (122).

On the day of his scheduled meeting with Poppy, Samad drives his sons and the Joneses’ daughter, Irie, to school. Magid and Irie are wearing black clothes and white armbands and refuse to speak. They are protesting in support of the Harvest Festival: “[Magid] wanted to own cats and not cockroaches, he wanted his mother to make the music of the cello, not the sound of the sewing machine […] and this month Magid had converted all these desires into a wish to join in with the Harvest Festival” (126).

Samad attends his sons’ music class, where Poppy announces that the class will study Indian music and attempts to instill a sense of multiculturalism in her students. Afterwards, Samad and Poppy meet privately. Poppy asks whether Magid’s outfit is celebrating a Muslim holiday, and Samad lies that it is. Poppy once again expresses admiration for Samad’s culture, and Samad kisses her.

Chapter 7 Summary: “Molars”

Two weeks later, Samad prepares for a date with Poppy. On his way there, he tells the owners of a local variety store that he is going out to buy life insurance, counting on them to share this lie to Alsana.

Meanwhile, Magid, Millat, and Irie are arguing about what groceries to bring to “their assigned old man” (135) in celebration of the Harvest Festival. When they finally arrive at their destination and knock on the door, the resident, Mr. J. P. Hamilton, assumes they are there to rob him or sell something. When he realizes his mistake, he invites them in but says he cannot eat most of what they brought on account of his teeth and urges the children to take better care of theirs. He then begins to reminisce about his time in the army and how it was the “clean white teeth” (144) of the Congolese soldiers that allowed him to see and shoot them. The children become increasingly uncomfortable, and when Hamilton denies that Samad could have served in the army, Millat yells at him. Before the children leave, Hamilton warns them about wisdom teeth: “[T]hey’re your father’s teeth, you see, wisdom teeth are passed down by the father, I’m certain of it. So you must be big enough for them” (145).

Samad and Poppy are taking a walk when the latter looks directly at Mad Mary, a “black voodoo woman with a red face whose territory stretches from Kilburn to Oxford street but who performs her spells from a garbage can in West Hampstead” (146). Mad Mary approaches the couple, spitting on Samad, issuing cryptic warnings about Poppy, and asking “WHAT’S DE SOLUTION?” (148). Samad talks his way out of the situation, assuring Mad Mary that he “understand[s] [her] concerns” and that “Personally, [his] hope lies in the last days” (149, 150).

The couple continue their walk, and Poppy praises Samad and admits she likes him. Samad grows frustrated and lists all the reasons why they should not see one another. Then, he says that he would like to spend the night with her. Poppy shows him a toothbrush she bought for him, just as Samad catches a glimpse of Magid and Millat standing nearby, waving at him and eating apples.

Chapter 8 Summary: “Mitosis”

Samad arrives at O’Connell’s, an “Irish poolroom run by Arabs with no pool tables” (154). He and Archie have been going there for 10 years, always ordering the same things, and are on good terms with the owner, Mickey. When Samad says he has “much to discuss” with Archie, Mickey warns him not to talk more about his great-grandfather: “You’re creating a repetitive syndrome that puts all these buggers off their culinary experience” (155).

When Archie arrives, Samad explains that he has begun to see visions of his sons whenever he is with Poppy; he is worried he cannot “show them the straight road when [he has] lost [his] own bearings” (158). Archie suggests flipping a coin to decide what to do, but Samad is insistent that he himself is “hell-bound” and only wants to save his sons from the “corruption” of Western culture (158, 159). Archie relays the problem to Mickey, who sees two options: arrange for Magid and Millat to be raised by family in Bangladesh or simply accept their assimilation into English culture.

Samad likes the idea of sending the boys to Bangladesh but does not have enough money to send both. He explains this to Archie, and together they weigh the pros and cons of sending each boy before settling on Magid.

One day, Samad comes home to find Alsana (whom he has not shared his plans with) crying over the assassination of Indira Gandhi, which she says will lead to riots and murders. When she says she is glad her own children are not in Bangladesh, Samad snaps at her, and the situation escalates into a fight. Later that night, Samad ends things with Poppy.

A few days later, Samad is at work waiting to take Magid to the airport. The twins are sleeping over at the Joneses’, and Archie is supposed to bring Magid by the restaurant late that night. To his horror, Poppy—who took the breakup badly—shows up at the restaurant with her sister and an awkward encounter ensues. When Archie finally arrives, it is with all three children because he could not wake one without waking the others. Samad, choking back tears, explains to them all that Magid is “going on a trip with auntie Zinat” (174).

Part 2, Chapters 6-8 Analysis

Of all the characters in White Teeth, Samad is the one most overtly concerned with preserving his culture and history. As his obsession with his great-grandfather makes clear, Samad views his heritage as an integral part of his identity, and he fears losing this through assimilation into English society. By this point, however, it is clear that there is a gap between the identity that Samad claims to embrace and the way he behaves. His relationship with Poppy is the most obvious example, although Samad himself recognizes the hypocrisy of his actions. In fact, he views his attraction to Poppy as divine retribution for failing to live up to the tenets of Islam.

By and large, however, Samad fails to see the contradictions between what he says and does; he often pays lip service to the importance of surrendering to God’s will, but this does not stop him from aggressively intervening in his sons’ lives to prevent what he sees as their ongoing corruption by Western culture. This speaks to Samad’s tendency to shift the burden of his own actions onto his children. Despite the guilt he feels over his affair with Poppy, Samad insists that he is incapable of reform: “What is done is done. I am hell-bound, I see that now. So I must concentrate on saving my sons” (158).

There is no reason to think that Samad’s concern for his sons is not sincere. However, for all his talk about the importance of decisive action, at heart, he is nearly as weak-willed as Archie. When he tells his problems to Shiva, for instance, Smith describes Samad as “awaiting […] some edict from on high” that will tell him what to do (122). By focusing on the state of his sons’ souls, Samad is attempting to sidestep his own moral responsibility. Ultimately, however, Samad will be forced to reckon with the consequences of his choice to split Magid and Millat up.

Smith continues to draw on familiar symbols and motifs while introducing new ones. The episode with J. P. Hamilton further develops the symbolism surrounding teeth; Hamilton, who has lost his teeth, is particularly insistent that the children recognize the importance of wisdom teeth. The problem, he then says, is that most people are not “big enough” for these teeth (145)—the implication being that many people struggle to accommodate the demands of their family legacy.

Smith also describes in some detail a place that was only briefly mentioned in Part 1: O’Connell’s Poolroom, which is Samad and Archie’s “home from home” (154). The reasons for their preference become clearer over the next few chapters, but most notably, O’Connell’s is a symbol of multicultural England: it sports an Irish name, serves English food, and is run by a family of Iraqi immigrants.

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